What are the risk factors for lung disease?

1) Smoking increases incidence of emphysema through nicotine decreasing the alveolar surface area, can cause smoker's cough through causing excess mucus production and ingredients like tar are carcinogens.

2) Atmospheric pollution and dust can trigger asthma.

3) Tuberculosis is caused by airborne bacterial infections through breathing unhygienic air. It leads to clumps of cells called tubercles forming in the lungs which decrease the respiratory volume.

4) Mutagenic agents like arsenic, radon, asbestos, chromium etc. increase the incidence of lung cancer, of which family history also plays an important part.