What does a steep line in a distance-time graph show?

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What does the word ‘speed’ mean? Complete the equation: Speed = distance divided by… What is a good anacronym for remembering the equation ‘Speed = Distance/Time’? What are the three common units for speed? What do you need to be able to work out the speed of an object? If a runner is running down a field, taking exactly 5 seconds to move between two fence posts which are ten metres apart, what is the runner’s speed? If it takes a bird two hours to fly 60 miles, what is the bird’s speed? What does mph stand for? What does km/h stand for? What does m/s stand for? What does miles/h stand for? Complete the sentence: A force can be a push or a p____. Can you always see a force? Which three things can a force change when it is exerted on an object? What is a contact force? What is a non-contact force? Name three non-contact forces. How can a force be measured? What are newton meters used to measure? How does a newton meter work? What is the unit of force? What symbol does the unit of force known as the newton have? Define air resistance. What is another word for an object being squashed? What is deformation? Define the term ‘balanced force’. Explain what frictional force is. What is it called when an object is increased in length? What is a reaction force? Explain what a resultant force is. What does the term ‘work done’ mean? What is a distance-time graph? What does a distance-time graph show? What is a gradient in a graph? What does the gradient in a distance-time graph show? If there is a steeper line in a distance-time graph, what does this show about the object? What do the flat sections in a distance-time graph show? What do the downhill sections in a distance-time graph show about the speed of an object? What does a steepening curve in a distance-time graph show about the speed of an object? How can you tell that an object is decelerating when reading a distance-time graph? What does speed measure? If a dog walks 48m at a speed of 120 s, what is its speed in m/s? If a car travels 80 miles along a motorway for 2 hours, what is its speed in mph? Explain the term ‘balanced forces’. What does a force diagram show? If a car travels 2 km in 100 s, what is its average speed? How does a speed camera work? What is a speed camera used for? If a runner runs 100 m in 10 s, what is their average speed? Complete the sentence: The gradient of the line in a distance-time graph is equal to the s_____. What is relative motion? What is the correct equation for calculating the speed of an object? What is the correct equation for calculating time? What is the correct equation for calculating distance? What does a gently sloping line in a distance-time graph represent? What does the x-axis in a distance-time graph show? How is the relative speed of two objects moving in the same direction calculated? How is the relative speed of two objects moving in the opposite direction calculated? Can forces occur between two objects that aren’t touching? What effect can forces have on objects? Can a force be seen? Can the effects of a force be seen? Do forces usually act in pairs or threes? True or false: Forces always act in a certain direction. Complete the sentence: Forces are measured in n_____. What are forces in diagrams represented by? 36. Complete the sentence: A newton meter is used to measure… Is magnetism a contact or a non-contact force? Is static electricity a contact or a non-contact force? Explain one example of magnetism and how it is a non-contact force. Explain one example of static electricity and how it is a non-contact force. Give one example of a force speeding an object up. Give one example of a force slowing an object down. Give one example of a force causing an object to stop. Give one example of a force causing an object to change direction. Give one example of a force causing an object to turn. #Give one example of a force causing an object to change shape. What is a ‘moment’ in the topic of force? What does the word ‘pivot’ mean? Where is the pivot in a see-saw? How do you calculate a moment? When does compression happen to a material or object? When does stretching happen to a material or object? Complete the sentence: The greater the force exerted on an object, the ______ the amount of deformation. Why does an elastic band get longer the harder you pull it? How can you use a spring to investigate Hooke’s law? Define the term ‘weight’. Define the term ‘tension’ in physics. Define the term ‘pressure’ in physics. What does the word ‘fluid’ mean? What is air-resistance? Does air-resistance slow you down or speed you up? Does friction slow you down or speed you up? What is water resistance? Does water resistance slow you down or speed you up? True or false: Friction tries to stop objects sliding past each other. Friction is a force that always acts in the ______ direction to movement. Complete the sentence: To start something moving, a push or pull force must be ______ than resisting forces like friction. What do you need to do to push an object out of the way? Under which two circumstances do you get friction? Complete the sentence: Air and water are _______ forces. How might air resistance affect a person doing a sky-dive? What is the name of the frictional force due to water? Explain why a person jumping out of a plane whilst doing a sky-dive slows down when they open their parachute. Complete the sentence: Friction is a force that acts _______ movement. Complete the sentence: When a skydiver first jumps out of a plane, air resistance…. What effect does the skydiver falling more quickly have on the air resistance acting on them? As a skydiver falls to the ground, will he gain or lose speed? Why does a skydiver end up falling at a steady speed? Why can force diagrams be useful? How do you work out whether forces in a force diagram are balanced or unbalanced? What does the word ‘stationary’ mean? Complete the sentence: Balanced forces produce ______ change in movement. Complete the sentence: Gravity is a force that exists _______. How do we know that we are experiencing gravity on Earth? True or false: Every single object has a gravitational pull. When an object falls toward the Earth, why does it get faster and faster? Why does an object with a large surface area such as a feather, fall to the ground slowly? Why does an object with a small surface area fall quickly? True or false: Some forces exist by themselves. What are some forces affected by? Name two examples of forces in everyday life. Does gravity change with speed? Why might it be useful to know about forces when designing a racing car? What does a car need to be able to travel at high speeds? Why is the shape of a car important when considering its speed? Complete the sentence: Simple machines give a ______ force but with a smaller movement. Complete the sentence: If you multiply the force by the distance travelled, you get the same _____ for the effort and for the load. In Hooke’s Law, what does it say that the extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to? What is acceleration? What is deceleration? Sketch a force diagram to represent a booking weighing 15 N which is resting on a table that is pushing up on it with a force of 15 N. Sketch a force diagram to represent a booking weighing 30 N which is resting on a table that is pushing up on it with a force of 30 N. Sketch a force diagram to represent a booking weighing 40 N which is resting on a table that is pushing up on it with a force of 40 N. Sketch a force diagram to represent a booking weighing 50 N which is resting on a table that is pushing up on it with a force of 50 N. Explain what happens if the forces on an object that isn’t moving ae balanced. Explain what happens if the forces on a moving object are unbalanced. What is the weight of a mug resting on a table, from which the force is 0.6 N? What is the weight of a mug resting on a table, from which the force is 0.8 N? What is the weight of a mug resting on a table, from which the force is 0.9 N? Complete the sentence: Moments are to do with forces making objects _____. Complete the sentence: A moment is a _____ effect created by a force. Where is the pivot on a door? What happens when a force acts on something which has a pivot? Complete the formula: Moment = force x ______ In the formula moment = force x distance, what is distance measured in? What unit is a moment measured in? Can moments be clockwise and anticlockwise? What does anticlockwise mean? What is momentum the product of? Complete the sentence: Momentum is a ______ quantity. What does the term ‘vector quantity’ mean? Does a large animal like an elephant have momentum when it is standing still? Complete the sentence: The faster a large elephant walks, the _____ its momentum will be. How do you calculate momentum? What unit do we use to measure momentum? What unit do we use to measure velocity? Calculate the momentum of a 3500 kg car, travelling north at the speed of 25 m/s. Calculate the momentum of a 8000 kg coach, travelling north at the speed of 50 m/s. Calculate the momentum of a 9000 kg car, travelling north at the speed of 45 m/s. Explain the principle of the conservation of momentum. What is an explosion? What does the term ‘magnitude’ mean? What does the term ‘velocity’ mean? What is a vector? What is the name for something not affected by external forces? What are the two situations in which momentum is conserved? Why does a cannon recoil backwards when it is fired? Complete the sentence: During a collision of two cars, there is a change in ______. What purpose do car safety features such as seatbelts and airbags serve? Complete the equation: Stopping distance = thinking distance + ______ distance. What is thinking distance? What is braking distance? What four things can a driver’s reaction time be affected by? What is a reaction time? Complete the sentence: Longer reaction times increase the _______ distance when stopping from a given speed. How can you measure a reaction time? What can the braking distance of a vehicle be increased by? How do poor road conditions affect the braking distance of a car? How do poor weather conditions affect the braking distance of a car? How do poor vehicle conditions affect the braking distance of that vehicle? Why might extra passengers in a vehicle increase the braking distance of that vehicle? What happens when a force is applied to the brakes of a vehicle? Complete the sentence: The faster a vehicle travels, the _______ the braking force needed to stop it in a certain distance. Complete the sentence: A greater braking force produces a great _______. What may a large deceleration cause the brakes of a vehicle to do? What is the thinking distance always proportional to? Why is the thinking distance always proportional to the starting speed? What is the force needed to decelerate a lorry from its top speed on a motorway in 100 m? Would an icy road increase the reaction time of a driver? Explain your answer. Would worn tyres increase the reaction time of a driver? Explain your answer. True or false: Work is done when an object is deformed. Complete the sentence: when a weight is held still by a spring with balanced forces, it is said to be in _____. How can you deform different objects? How is work done when a spring is stretched? To where is kinetic energy transferred when a spring is stretched? According to Hooke’s Law, what is extension dependent on? If a spring is supported at the top and then a weight is attached at the bottom, what happens to the spring? What does directly proportional mean? How would you know that something is directly proportional to something else when reading a graph? Complete the sentence: Hooke’s Law only applies up to a certain f_____. Why are springs special when applying Hooke’s Law? Why do results need to be organised when carrying out an experiment? What is often useful for organising data? Which two things are important to remember when drawing a table? What is the ‘mean’? How do you calculate the mean? What should you remember when drawing a bar chart? What should you remember when drawing a line graph? What is an independent variable? What is a control variable? What is a dependent variable? What must you do to ensure a fair test? Why is it important to choose the right equipment for an investigation? How do you ensure accurate measurements in an investigation? What is an investigation carried out outside known as? What does the word ‘evidence’ mean? What is field work? Why do scientists carry out investigations? Why can investigations sometimes be hazardous? What is a hazard? Give three examples of a hazard. Why might electricity be a hazard? Why might heavy weights be a hazard? Why might chemicals be hazardous? Why might fire be hazardous? Why is it important to reduce the risk of hazards? What is a Bunsen burner? How can you ensure that a Bunsen burner doesn’t cause a hazard? Why do investigations need to be repeated? What must you do to back up your hypothesis? What are reliable results? What does ‘reproducible’ mean? What does ‘repeatable’ mean? How do you check that your results are repeatable? Complete the sentence: Repeatable results are more likely to be _______. Why is a bigger sample size better? What is a sample size? What might happen if your sample size in an investigation is too big? Why is it best to choose your samples at random? What is a random error? What is a systematic error? Should you use a bar chart or a line graph if you’re measuring something that comes in categories? Should you use a bar chart or a line graph if you’re measuring something that can have any value in a range? Why is a category in a bar chart? Other than length, what two other things can be shown on a line graph? What goes on the y-axis on a line graph? What goes on the x-axis on a line graph? What is the line of best fit? How do you draw conclusions from your data? What are line graphs great for? What is a conclusion (in data)? How do you analyse your data after you’ve organised and presented it? How do you justify a conclusion? What is it important to include in order to properly explain your conclusion when investigating? What is an evaluation? What might you include in an evaluation of an experiment? What is meant by ‘quality of results’? How are predictions made when investigating? How can a prediction be improved? Why is it important to write a plan before starting an investigation? Why is it important to choose appropriate apparatus when investigating? Why is it important to choose appropriate materials when investigating? Why is it important to use appropriate techniques when investigating? Complete the sentence: Measurements are precise if the results are very _____ in value. What is a risk assessment? Why is it important to complete a risk assessment? What is meant by the term ‘true value’? What does the word ‘equilibrium’ mean? How do you calculate pressure? Which two things do you need to know in order to be able to calculate pressure? What is surface area? If a force of 40 N acts over an area of 10 m2, what is the pressure? If a force of 30 N acts over an area of 10 m2, what is the pressure? If a force of 20 N acts over an area of 5 m2, what is the pressure? If a force of 5 N acts over an area of 2 m2, what is the pressure? If a force of 75 N acts over an area of 5 m2, what is the pressure? If a force of 12 N acts over an area of 2 m2, what is the pressure? Why do you usually sink into snow when walking through it? What are liquids and gasses? True or false: A fluid is able to change shape. True or false: A fluid is able to flow from place to place. What is atmospheric pressure? True or false: The atmosphere exerts pressure on everything around you. In what type of experiment can the effects of pressure be seen? Complete the sentence: Atmospheric pressure changes with a______. Complete the sentence: The higher you go, the ______ the weight of the air above you. As you go higher, does the atmospheric pressure get lower or higher? True or false: Liquids exert pressure on objects. Complete the sentence: The pressure in liquids changes with d______. How does the weight of the liquid change the deeper you go? How does the pressure of the liquid change the deeper you go? Complete the sentence: Liquid pressure is exerted on the s_____ of an object in a liquid. What does the word ‘upthrust’ mean? True or false: An object will continue to sink if its weight is greater than the maximum upthrust. What is the word for acting at an angle of 90 degrees to a surface? What is the unit of pressure? What is the pressure exerted by a man standing on two legs? What is the pressure exerted by a 200 N laser printer spread over 0.5m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 300 N laser printer spread over 0.5m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 400 N laser printer spread over 25m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 150 N laser printer spread over 10m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 700 N laser printer spread over 1m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 800 N laser printer spread over 3m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 250 N laser printer spread over 2m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 100 N laser printer spread over 3m2? What is the pressure exerted by a 40 N laser printer spread over 5m2? True or false: The correct units of pressure are Newtons per square metre. True or false: Pressure is calculated by dividing force by the area. True or false: The correct units for force are pascals. Do snowshoes increase pressure? Does a drawing pin increase pressure? Explain your answer. Would a long lever increase pressure? Explain your answer. Give two examples of situations which would reduce pressure on the ground? Would wearing high heels reduce pressure on the ground? Explain your answer. Which states of matter are fluids? True or false: The only state of matter that is fluid are liquids. Where is the greatest pressure – at the bottom of the ocean or in the middle of the ocean? True or false: Upthrust is the same as gravity. Develop your answer. What does a gently sloping line in a distance-time graph show? How is the relative speed of objects moving in the same direction calculated? True or false: Using a ruler is the best way to measure a force. What can be said about the forces acting on a stationary object? As a car goes faster, what happens to the air resistance on the car? As a car decelerates, what happens to the air resistance on the car? Why would a rucksack with wide straps be more comfortable than a rucksack with narrow straps if you are carrying a lot of things? If a person’s weight is 350 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.003? If a person’s weight is 550 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.04? If a person’s weight is 250 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.02? If a person’s weight is 100 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.01? If a person’s weight is 950 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.09? If a person’s weight is 850 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.08? If a person’s weight is 750 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.7? If a person’s weight is 150 N, what would the pressure exerted by if they stand on one foot with an area of 0.15? True or false: Atmospheric pressure is highest at the top of mountains. True or false: Atmospheric pressure is lowest at the top of mountains. True or false: Atmospheric pressure is lower on mountains than at sea level. True or false: Atmospheric pressure is higher on mountains than at sea level. True or false: Atmospheric pressure would be the same at the top of a mountain as at the bottom of the sea. True or false: Atmospheric pressure would be the same at the top of a mountain as at sea level. If weight is measured in newtons and the area in m2, what would pressure be measured in?