A food chain in a meadow is shown below.
grass → grasshopper → shrew → barn owl
Name the producer in this food chain.
Give the trophic level number of the grasshopper.
Name the secondary consumer in this food chain.
The barn owl is an apex predator. What is meant by the term apex predator?
Each autumn, dead leaves fall from the trees in a woodland and form a layer of leaf litter on the soil. Over several months the leaf litter is broken down by decomposers.
Name one type of microorganism that acts as a decomposer.
Describe how a decomposer breaks down the dead leaves and takes in the products.
A field of clover is growing in full sunlight. Rabbits feed on the clover.
Complete the sentence.
Producers such as clover transfer about ______ % of the light energy that reaches them for photosynthesis.
In one year, kJ of light energy fell on each of the field.
Calculate the energy per transferred by the clover for photosynthesis in that year.
Approximately what percentage of the biomass at one trophic level is transferred to the trophic level above it?
