Question 1
8 marksQ3 Write an account
Write an account of the ways in which relations between the Norman kings and the Papacy changed, c1066–c1100.
Q3 Write an account
Write an account of the ways in which relations between the Norman kings and the Papacy changed, c1066–c1100.
Q3 Write an account
Write an account of the ways in which learning and education changed in England under the Normans.
Q2 Explain what was important
Explain what was important about the Norman reform of monasteries in England.
Q2 Explain what was important
Explain what was important about the building of cathedrals in Norman England.
Q2 Explain what was important
Explain what was important about the Norman reform of the English Church.
Read Interpretation A below, then answer the question.
Interpretation A: from a short history of the medieval English Church, written in 2018 for visitors to an English cathedral.
Written for practice: not a real historical interpretation.
The English Church that William found in 1066 was not corrupt, but it was old-fashioned by European standards. The man who changed it was Lanfranc. As Archbishop of Canterbury from 1070 he held councils, attacked married clergy and the buying of Church offices, and insisted that Canterbury should rule over York. Yet his reforms served the King as much as the Pope. Lanfranc defended royal authority against Rome's demands, and the great new cathedrals of his age were statements of Norman power as well as of faith.
Q1 How convincing is the interpretation
How convincing is Interpretation A about Archbishop Lanfranc and the reform of the English Church?
Explain your answer based on your contextual knowledge and what it says in Interpretation A.