Changes of State & the Particle Model Practice Questions

Which diagram, A, B or C, shows the particles in a gas?

Name the change of state that takes place when the substance changes from the arrangement shown in C to the arrangement shown in B.

The three diagrams show the same substance. Explain why the substance has a greater density in arrangement B than in arrangement C.

Write down the equation which links density ($\rho$), mass ($m$) and volume ($V$).

Calculate the density of the paraffin wax.

Give your answer in g/cm$^3$.

Density = ..................................... g/cm$^3$

Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) is left on a bench. It turns directly into carbon dioxide gas without becoming a liquid.

Name this change of state.

Water vapour in the air of a kitchen forms droplets of liquid water on a cold window.

Name this change of state.

Molten iron is poured into a mould and cools until it becomes solid.

Name this change of state.

A change of state is a physical change and not a chemical change.

Give one reason why.

State the mass of the ethanol vapour in the sealed tube after all of the liquid has evaporated.

Mass = ..................................... g

Explain, in terms of particles, why mass is conserved when the ethanol evaporates.

The ethanol vapour takes up a much larger volume than the liquid ethanol did.

State what happens to the density of the ethanol as it evaporates.

Calculate the volume of the block.

Volume = ..................................... cm$^3$

Calculate the density of the metal in g/cm$^3$.

Density = ..................................... g/cm$^3$

Convert the density of the metal into kg/m$^3$.

Give your answer in standard form.

Density = ..................................... kg/m$^3$

The technician used a 30 cm ruler to measure the thickness of the block.

Name one piece of apparatus that would give a more precise measurement of the thickness.

Calculate the mass of the oil.

Mass of oil = ..................................... g

Calculate the density of the cooking oil.

Give your answer in g/cm$^3$.

Density = ..................................... g/cm$^3$

When reading the volume, the student looked down on the measuring cylinder from above.

Describe how the student should read the volume of the oil correctly.

Another student carried out the same method but used only 10.0 cm$^3$ of oil.

Explain why using 50.0 cm$^3$ of oil gives a more accurate value for the density.

Name the piece of apparatus the student used to measure the mass of the ornament.

Determine the volume of the ornament.

Volume = ..................................... cm$^3$

Calculate the density of the metal in g/cm$^3$.

Density = ..................................... g/cm$^3$

Give the density of the metal in kg/m$^3$.

Density = ..................................... kg/m$^3$

Give one reason why the displacement method is used to find the volume of the ornament rather than measuring its dimensions with a ruler.

Calculate the volume of air in the classroom.

Volume = ..................................... m$^3$

Calculate the mass of the air in the classroom.

Mass = ..................................... kg

A steel cylinder of volume $0.050\ \mathrm{m^3}$ contains 8.5 kg of the same air.

Calculate the density of the air inside the cylinder.

Density = ..................................... kg/m$^3$

Calculate the density of the metal in the bracelet.

Give your answer in g/cm$^3$.

Density = ..................................... g/cm$^3$

Use Table 2 and your answer to part (a) to state which metal the bracelet appears to be made from.

Each reading taken from the measuring cylinder has an uncertainty of $\pm 0.5$ cm$^3$.

Evaluate whether the student's measurements are good enough to prove that the bracelet is made of silver.

Calculate the volume of the 1.0 kg of liquid water.

Give your answer in standard form.

Volume = ..................................... m$^3$

Calculate the volume of the steam produced.

Volume = ..................................... m$^3$

Explain, in terms of the arrangement of the particles, why the density of the steam is so much lower than the density of the liquid water.