Plant Structure Practice Questions

Root hair cells contain many mitochondria.

Which process takes place in mitochondria?

Put a cross ( ☒ ) in the box next to your answer.

☐ A photosynthesis

☐ B aerobic respiration

☐ C osmosis

☐ D transpiration

Describe two other adaptations of a root hair cell that increase the rate at which it absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil.

Name the process by which nitrate ions are absorbed from the soil into the root hair cells.

Explain why adding a nitrate fertiliser increases the growth of the lettuce plants.

State which letter, X or Y, shows the phloem.

Describe two features of the structure of the phloem that can be seen in Figure 1.

Explain how the structure of the phloem is adapted to transport sucrose around the plant.

Explain why water moves into a root hair cell by osmosis.

A gardener adds far too much fertiliser to the soil around some plants. A few days later the plants are wilting.

Explain why adding too much fertiliser causes these plants to wilt.

Which substances are transported in xylem vessels?

Put a cross ( ☒ ) in the box next to your answer.

☐ A sucrose and amino acids

☐ B water and mineral ions

☐ C oxygen and carbon dioxide

☐ D sucrose and mineral ions

Explain how the structure of xylem vessels is adapted for transporting these substances up the tree.

Calculate the percentage increase in the uptake of potassium ions when the oxygen concentration is increased from $5\%$ to $21\%$.

Explain why very few potassium ions were taken up at an oxygen concentration of $0\%$.

Xylem and phloem are both transport tissues found in the roots, stems and leaves of a plant.

Compare and contrast the structure and function of xylem and phloem.