Simplifying Algebraic Fractions Flashcards

All 6 cards in this deck

What is the first step in simplifying an algebraic fraction?

e.g. x2−x−62x2−5x−3\frac{x^2-x-6}{2x^2-5x-3}

Factorise the numerator and the denominator fully.

e.g. (x−3)(x+2)(2x+1)(x−3)\frac{(x-3)(x+2)}{(2x+1)(x-3)}

When are you allowed to cancel something from an algebraic fraction?

Only when it is a factor of the whole numerator and the whole denominator.

What are the steps to simplify an algebraic fraction?

e.g. x2−9x2+3x\frac{x^2-9}{x^2+3x}

  1. Factorise the numerator: (x−3)(x+3)(x-3)(x+3)
  2. Factorise the denominator: x(x+3)x(x+3)
  3. Cancel the common factor (x+3)(x+3): x−3x\frac{x-3}{x}

True or false? x+2x\frac{x+2}{x} simplifies to 22.

False. xx is not a factor of the whole numerator, so it cannot be cancelled.

True or false? x2−16x−4\frac{x^2-16}{x-4} simplifies to x+4x+4.

True. x2−16=(x−4)(x+4)x^2-16=(x-4)(x+4), so the factor (x−4)(x-4) cancels.

How do you simplify a fraction of powers of the same letters?

e.g. c3d4cd\frac{c^3d^4}{cd}

Subtract the indices for each letter.

e.g. c3−1d4−1=c2d3c^{3-1}d^{4-1}=c^2d^3