Figure 1 is a map of the UK showing the maximum extent of the ice sheet during the last ice age. The ice limit drawn on the map runs from the south coast of Wales near Swansea, eastwards across the Midlands to just north of London, and then north-east to the Norfolk coast near Great Yarmouth.
Using Figure 1, describe the maximum extent of ice cover across the UK during the last ice age.
Explain the process of freeze-thaw weathering on the steep rock faces of a glaciated upland area.
The table below gives information taken from a Ordnance Survey map extract of a glaciated upland area. The grid squares on the extract are km by km.
| Feature on the map extract | Six-figure grid reference |
|---|---|
| Summit cairn, spot height m | 208 152 |
| Small tarn in a corrie, surface height m | 208 145 |
| Youth hostel | 226 130 |
| Northern end of a long, narrow lake | 231 127 |
| Car park and picnic site | 219 136 |
Give the four-figure grid reference of the grid square in which the youth hostel is found.
Calculate the straight-line distance between the summit cairn and the tarn. Give your answer in kilometres.
Using the table, give one piece of evidence that this upland area was affected by glaciation.
Figure 2 is a simplified plan view of a valley glacier formed where two tributary glaciers join. Three deposits of moraine are labelled A, B and C.
Using Figure 2, name the type of moraine shown at A and at B.
Suggest one reason why a ridge of material is left behind at C when the glacier retreats.
