Tectonic Hazards Practice Questions

Using Figure 1, name layer A.

Outline how convection currents in the mantle are thought to cause tectonic plates to move.

Using Figure 2, which one of the following statements is true?

Shade one circle only.

• A Most active volcanoes are found in the middle of tectonic plates.
• B Active volcanoes form long, narrow belts along plate margins.
• C There are no active volcanoes around the edge of the Pacific Ocean.
• D Active volcanoes are spread evenly across every continent.

Using Figure 2 and your own understanding, describe the global distribution of active volcanoes.

Complete the table by writing primary or secondary in each empty box.

Effect of the earthquake	Primary or secondary?
Ground shaking destroyed around 2 000 homes.
Fires spread through the old town after gas pipes fractured.
Thirty people were killed by masonry falling from buildings.

Suggest one reason why the secondary effects of an earthquake may continue for many years.

Using Figure 3, name this type of plate margin.

Using Figure 3, describe the movement of the two plates.

Name the process taking place at X, where the oceanic plate sinks into the mantle.

Name the type of plate margin that runs beneath Iceland.

Explain how the physical processes at this type of plate margin lead to volcanic activity.

Using the table, describe the changes in the data recorded before the eruption.

Explain how monitoring and prediction can reduce the risks to people living close to a volcano.

Using Figure 4, give one feature designed to absorb the energy of the shaking.

Using Figure 4 and your own understanding, explain how protection and planning can reduce the effects of an earthquake in a city.

Using a named example of a tectonic hazard, explain how the immediate and long-term responses helped the people affected.

Named example: ....................................................

Using Figure 5, give one primary effect and one secondary effect of the earthquake.

Using Figure 5 and your own understanding, suggest why the secondary effects of an earthquake in an LIC can be more serious than the primary effects.

'The secondary effects of a tectonic hazard are usually more serious than its primary effects.'

Use a named example of a tectonic hazard to evaluate this statement.

Named example: ....................................................

[+3 SPaG marks]

'Protection, such as earthquake-resistant building design, is the most effective way of reducing the risk from tectonic hazards.'

Do you agree with this statement? Use evidence to support your answer.

[+3 SPaG marks]

Using the table and your own understanding, suggest why the Chile earthquake caused far fewer deaths than the Nepal earthquake, even though it was more powerful.