Lifestyle & Non-Communicable Disease Flashcards

All 7 cards in this deck

What is a non-communicable disease?

A disease that cannot be passed from person to person. Most are caused by the interaction of several factors (lifestyle, genes, environment).

Name four types of non-communicable disease.

Cardiovascular disease, many forms of cancer, some lung diseases, some liver diseases (also diseases influenced by nutrition).

How can diet and lack of exercise lead to obesity?

If the energy taken in from food is greater than the energy used by the body, the excess is stored as fat and body mass increases.

What is the equation for BMI?

BMI = mass (kg) ÷ (height (m))²
A BMI of 18.5–24.9 is in the healthy weight range.

How is a waist : hip ratio worked out, and what does a high value show?

Waist measurement ÷ hip measurement. A high ratio means more fat is stored around the abdomen, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

What effect does drinking too much alcohol over a long time have on the liver?

Alcohol is toxic and damages/kills liver cells, causing liver disease such as cirrhosis (scarring) and liver cancer.

What causes malnutrition?

A diet with too much or too little of some nutrients, so it is not balanced. It is not just caused by eating too little food.