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Rates of Change
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2 years ago
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Vickie Shanahan
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Frays of change is how much x. Ganges w time or another variable . So this can be done by working out the gradient of a graph or differentiating If it is an expression
Linear functions have a constant rate of change which is represented as the gradient of the graph.
It is simply the change of y-values with respect to x-values i.e. (y1-y2) / (x1-x2) where (x1,y1), (x2,y2) are the coordinates
the change in y-values by the change in x-values.
The rate of change measures how one quantity changes relative to another. In mathematics, it is often calculated using derivatives in calculus or the difference between two points in algebra. Here are the common methods to find the rate of change:
The average rate of change between two points on a function is calculated as the slope of the line connecting the points. This is given by:
The instantaneous rate of change of a function at a specific point is the value of the derivative at that point.
This gives the slope of the tangent line to the curve at x=ax = ax=a, representing how the function changes at that exact point.
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The Rate of change (ROC) is the increase or decrease of one value related to another value.
The speed of a car for instance is the distance covered divided by the time taken.
In mathematics this can be the gradient of a graph in general terms.
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It is simply a total concerned amount divided by the total time. For example, if you want to find out rate of change of distance. You consider total distance covered by the vehicle and divide it by the total time it took for that change.
Rate of change of position = total covered distance / total taken time.
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find the change in y over change in x using triangle on give graph
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Click here to view my profile and arrange a free introduction.To find the average rate of change of a function over an interval, you can use the formula:
Average Rate of Change = (Change in Y) / (Change in X) = (ΔY) / (ΔX)
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You would have to differentiate
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Click here to view my profile and arrange a free introduction.The rate of change (ROC) is how much the value of something changes over a period of time and it is given in percentage terms.
To find this you first calculate the change in "Y" values (or the change in an outcome variable) divided by the change in "X" values (or the change in input variables).
So if my tutoring time increases from 3 hours in week 1 to 16 hours in week 2 and my income increases from £45 per week to £240 per week, Y values are my income and X values are the work hours I put in. r
To calculate the ROC I would do the following.
(240 - 45) / (16 - 3) = 195 / 13 = 15% rate of change in my earnings between week 1 and week 2.
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If you take the change in Y values and divide that with the change in X-values the result will be a rate of change,
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In a graph of a value vs time, it would be the gradient. Otherwise simply divide the difference in any particular value by the time taken.
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Click here to view my profile and arrange a free introduction.This is easier to work out from a graph, the rate of change is the gradient of the line - the change in y divided by the change in x. However, you might not have time in exam conditions to draw a graph when it's not asked of you, so I would suggest picking two points of the data - ignoring outliers if there are any. Calculate the difference between them by taking them away from each other, then divide that by the difference in time between them. This will give you the rate of change.
As far as GCSE Maths is concerned, you take the two pairs of values that are given, and with them:
i) you calculate a difference between respective valued
ii) you then take a ratio of these teo differences (if the two quantities are concerned are Y and X, or some other quantity and time, then the difference of Y/some other quantity goes in the numerator while the difference of X/time goes in the denominator, in the ratio).
iii) the value you get from this ratio is the rate.
For example, if the two pairs are (2,10) and (6,14). Then:
-the difference of the Y values is 14-10=4
-the difference of the X values is 6-2=4
-the ratio is simply 4/4=1
-the rate is therefore 1
Derivatives are the best tool, but not for everyone... Considering two variables (distance and time, for example), you can also take the first and last value of both in a certain process, subtract the ones from the same variable (e.g. last and first distances of the bus from your position) and divide the subtractions of different variables. By doing this with position/distance and time, the rate of change you get is the speed of the object you're analyzing!
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