Forming Urine Flashcards

All 7 cards in this deck

Name the parts of the urinary system in the order urine passes through them.

Kidney $\rightarrow$ ureter $\rightarrow$ bladder $\rightarrow$ urethra.

True or false? The urethra carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.

False. The ureter carries urine from the kidney to the bladder; the urethra carries urine out of the body.

What are the steps of filtration in the nephron?

e.g. blood arriving at a glomerulus

1. Blood in the glomerulus is under high pressure.
2. Small molecules (water, glucose, urea, ions) are forced through the membrane into the Bowman's capsule as filtrate.
3. Blood cells and proteins are too large to pass through, so they stay in the blood.

True or false? Proteins in the blood are filtered into the Bowman's capsule.

False. Proteins (and blood cells) are too large to pass through the membrane, so they remain in the blood.

Where in the nephron is glucose reabsorbed, and by what process?

In the first coiled tubule, by active transport back into the blood (selective reabsorption).

Why does the urine of a healthy person contain urea but no glucose?

All the glucose is selectively reabsorbed into the blood, but urea is a waste product and is not reabsorbed.

True or false? The concentration of glucose in the filtrate in the Bowman's capsule is the same as its concentration in the blood plasma.

True. Glucose molecules are small enough to be filtered through, so they pass into the filtrate and are only removed later by selective reabsorption.