Separation Techniques Flashcards

All 8 cards in this deck

Which separation technique separates an insoluble solid from a liquid?

Filtration.

Which separation technique separates two or more miscible liquids with different boiling points?

Fractional distillation.

Which separation technique is used to obtain the solvent from a solution?

Simple distillation.

What are the steps of simple distillation to obtain pure water from salt water?

e.g. separating water from sea water

1. Heat the solution: the water boils/evaporates to form steam, leaving the salt behind.
2. The steam passes into the condenser.
3. The steam condenses back to liquid and pure water is collected.

What are the steps to obtain crystals of a soluble solid from its solution?

e.g. copper sulfate crystals from copper sulfate solution

1. Heat the solution in an evaporating basin to concentrate it (do not heat to dryness).
2. Leave to cool so crystals form.
3. Filter off the crystals and dry them between filter papers.

In fractional distillation, which liquid is collected first?

The liquid with the lowest boiling point, which evaporates off first and leaves the top of the column.

True or false? Filtration can be used to separate salt from salt solution.

False. Dissolved salt passes through the filter paper; use crystallisation or distillation instead.

Which technique separates a mixture of soluble coloured substances such as dyes in ink?

Paper chromatography.