Mary Queen of Scots Flashcards
All 20 cards in this deck
Whom did Mary, Queen of Scots marry in 1558?
Mary, Queen of Scots married the Dauphin, heir to the French throne, strengthening ties between France and Scotland.
Who was Mary, Queen of Scots, in relation to Henry VIII?
His great-niece, giving her a direct claim to the English throne.
Why did Elizabeth being unmarried and childless make Mary, Queen of Scots, a threat?
Mary was next in line to the throne, so if Elizabeth died without an heir, a Catholic queen would inherit.
What happened to Mary, Queen of Scots, when she fled to England in 1568?
Elizabeth had her imprisoned, as Mary could otherwise raise an army to depose her.
Why did Mary's presence in England after 1568 increase Catholic opposition to Elizabeth?
Mary provided a Catholic alternative to Elizabeth and became a focus of Catholic plotting.
What was the Ridolfi Plot (1571)?
A plot by the Italian banker Roberto Ridolfi to murder Elizabeth, land Spanish troops from the Netherlands, and marry Mary, Queen of Scots to the Duke of Norfolk so she could take the throne.
What was the Throckmorton Plot (1583)?
Francis Throckmorton's plan for a French invasion led by the Duke of Guise, with funds from Spain and the Pope, to free Mary, Queen of Scots and make her queen.
What was the Babington Plot (1586)?
A plan by Anthony Babington to assassinate Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots, supported by the Pope and Philip II.
Give one reason Mary, Queen of Scots was executed in 1587.
Walsingham's evidence from the Babington Plot letters implicated her in a plan to assassinate Elizabeth.
Give one significance of the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1587.
It removed the figurehead of Catholic plotting in England, but angered Catholic Europe and helped persuade Philip II to launch the Armada.
Why did Mary, Queen of Scots flee to England in 1568?
Scottish Protestant lords, suspicious of her role in Lord Darnley's murder and angry at her marriage to Bothwell, forced her to abdicate and defeated her army at Langside.
What were the Casket Letters?
Letters produced at the 1568 inquiry as evidence that Mary, Queen of Scots helped murder Darnley; the inquiry reached no verdict, so Elizabeth kept Mary in custody.
What was the Bond of Association (1584)?
A pledge, drawn up after the Throckmorton Plot, to hunt down and kill anyone who attempted to kill Elizabeth, and anyone who would benefit from her death — aimed at Mary, Queen of Scots.
True or false? Parliament pressed for Mary, Queen of Scots to be executed years before Elizabeth agreed.
True. Parliament demanded her death after the Ridolfi Plot in 1571–72, but Elizabeth refused until after the Babington Plot.
True or false? Mary, Queen of Scots had been Queen of Scotland since she was a baby.
True. She became queen when she was less than a week old in 1542, after the death of her father James V.
When and where did Mary, Queen of Scots arrive in England?
In May 1568, landing at Workington in Cumberland. She was taken to Carlisle Castle, and Elizabeth then had her moved to Bolton Castle in Yorkshire, further from the coast and the Scottish border.
How did Walsingham trap Mary in the Babington Plot?
His double agent Gilbert Gifford passed on the coded letters smuggled in and out of Chartley, and Thomas Phelippes decoded them. In July 1586 Mary wrote approving the plan to kill Elizabeth.
Where and when was Mary, Queen of Scots tried and executed?
At Fotheringhay Castle in Northamptonshire: tried for treason in October 1586 and beheaded on 8 February 1587.
Who was William Davison?
Elizabeth's secretary, who had the death warrant she signed sealed and passed it to the Privy Council, which sent it to Fotheringhay without telling her. She claimed she had not meant it to be used and had him imprisoned in the Tower and heavily fined.
What happened to the Duke of Norfolk after the Ridolfi Plot?
He was found guilty of treason and, after Elizabeth hesitated several times, was beheaded in June 1572.