Popular Uprisings Against the Crown Flashcards
All 13 cards in this deck
What was the Pilgrimage of Grace, and when did it happen?
A large popular uprising in northern England in 1536 against Henry VIII's religious changes.
Who led the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Robert Aske, a Yorkshire lawyer.
Give one religious cause of the Pilgrimage of Grace.
Henry VIII's dissolution of the monasteries and his changes to the church which defied the Pope.
Give one economic cause of the Pilgrimage of Grace.
The pilgrims objected to increased taxes, especially as poor harvests in 1535 and 1536 had raised food prices.
How did Henry VIII react to the Pilgrimage of Grace after the Duke of Norfolk's pardon?
When rebels attacked castles in January 1537 he cancelled the pardons and had the rebels hunted down; Aske was executed in York on 12 July 1537.
True or false? The Pilgrimage of Grace forced Henry VIII to abandon the dissolution of the monasteries.
False. Henry treated the pilgrims as rebels and the dissolution went ahead; the last monasteries closed in 1540.
Give one similarity between the Pilgrimage of Grace and Parliament's opposition to Charles I.
Both challenged the king's authority partly over religion: the pilgrims opposed Henry VIII's break with Rome, and Puritans in Parliament opposed Charles I's church changes.
Where did the 1536 rising that grew into the Pilgrimage of Grace begin?
In Lincolnshire, at Louth, in October 1536, among people afraid that royal commissioners would seize their church's treasures.
Give one political cause of the Pilgrimage of Grace.
The rebels wanted Henry VIII's low-born adviser Thomas Cromwell, who was driving the religious changes, removed from the king's council.
Why did the rebels of 1536 call their rising a 'pilgrimage'?
To show it was a religious protest loyal to the king: they swore an oath to defend the Church and marched behind a banner of the Five Wounds of Christ.
What did the Duke of Norfolk agree with the pilgrims at Doncaster in December 1536?
A royal pardon for all, a Parliament to be held at York, and a pause in closing monasteries until then. The pilgrims then went home.
Why did the Duke of Norfolk negotiate rather than fight the pilgrims in 1536?
The rebels numbered about 30,000 or more, while his royal army was only a few thousand strong.
Give one impact of the Pilgrimage of Grace on royal authority.
Henry tightened his grip on the north: about 200 rebels were executed, and in 1537 the Council of the North was made a permanent body to govern the region for the Crown.