States of Matter Flashcards
All 8 cards in this deck
Describe the arrangement and movement of the particles in a solid.
In a regular arrangement (lattice), touching and in fixed positions; they vibrate about those positions.
Describe the arrangement and movement of the particles in a liquid.
Randomly arranged and close together; they move past one another randomly.
In which state do the particles have the most energy, and how are they arranged and moving?
A gas — particles are far apart, randomly arranged and move quickly in all directions.
What is the name of the change of state when a gas turns into a liquid?
e.g. water vapour forming droplets on a cold beakerCondensation — the water vapour condenses on the cold surface. Like every change of state, it is a physical change: no new substance is made.
How do you predict the state of a substance at a given temperature from its melting and boiling points?
Below the melting point → solid; between the melting and boiling points → liquid; above the boiling point → gas.
On a heating curve, why does the temperature stay constant while a solid is melting?
The energy supplied is used to break the particles out of the lattice (break the forces between them) rather than to raise the temperature.
What is sublimation?
A change of state in which a solid turns straight into a gas, without becoming a liquid first.
What is the name of the change of state when a liquid turns into a solid?
Freezing — the reverse of melting.