Lifestyle & Non-Communicable Disease Flashcards

All 8 cards in this deck

Name four types of non-communicable disease.

Cardiovascular diseases, many cancers, some lung diseases and some liver diseases (also diseases influenced by nutrition).
Each results from the interaction of a number of risk factors.

What is the equation for BMI?

BMI = mass (kg) ÷ (height (m))², in kg/m²

What effect does drinking a large amount of alcohol over many years have on the liver?

It damages and destroys liver cells, causing liver disease such as cirrhosis (scar tissue) and liver cancer.

Give two lifestyle factors behind rising levels of obesity at national and global levels.

Diets high in fat and sugar (energy taken in is greater than energy used) and a lack of regular exercise.

True or false? A high BMI always means a person is carrying too much fat.

False. A very muscular person can have a high BMI, so a waist : hip ratio is also used to judge risk.

What is the equation for the waist : hip ratio?

waist : hip ratio = waist circumference ÷ hip circumference (same units, so no unit)

What does a high waist : hip ratio tell you about a person?

They store a lot of fat around the abdomen, which means a higher risk of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease.

What is malnutrition?

A diet with the wrong amounts of nutrients, either too little or too much of them. e.g. too little vitamin C causes scurvy; too much energy-rich food can lead to obesity.