Neutralisation of Acids and Salt Production Flashcards

All 6 cards in this deck

What are the products when an acid is neutralised by an alkali or a metal oxide?

A salt and water.

What are the products when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

A salt, water and carbon dioxide.

Which type of salt is produced by hydrochloric acid, by nitric acid and by sulfuric acid?

Hydrochloric acid → chlorides; nitric acid → nitrates; sulfuric acid → sulfates.

What is the difference between a base and an alkali?

A base is any substance that neutralises an acid (e.g. insoluble metal oxides and hydroxides); an alkali is a base that is soluble in water.

What are the steps to deduce the formula of a salt from the formulae of its ions?

e.g. magnesium chloride, from $\mathrm{Mg^{2+}}$ and $\mathrm{Cl^-}$

1. Write the two ion formulae with charges: $\mathrm{Mg^{2+}}$, $\mathrm{Cl^-}$
2. Balance the charges with whole numbers: one $\mathrm{Mg^{2+}}$ needs two $\mathrm{Cl^-}$
3. Write the formula without charges: $\mathrm{MgCl_2}$

True or false? Neutralising nitric acid with potassium hydroxide produces potassium nitrate and water.

True. Acid + alkali → salt + water, and nitric acid produces nitrates.